Fire & Rescue

Fire & Rescue

Cold Water Immersion in Fire Departments: Operational Barriers

Fire departments know cold water immersion is the standard of care for exertional heat stroke, yet adoption on apparatus remains inconsistent. Here is why.

9 July 2026

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Fire & Rescue

Firefighter Rehab and Exertional Hyperthermia

Rehab sectors at structure and wildland fires exist to catch exertional hyperthermia before it becomes exertional heat stroke.

9 July 2026

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Fire & Rescue

Heat Action Plans for Fire Departments: Covering Your Own Personnel

A community heat action plan and a fire department's internal heat response share a name but not always the same scope.

9 July 2026

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Fire & Rescue

In-House Medical Service Training for Fire Department Heat Response

A fire department's own medical staff can know general first aid thoroughly and still be underprepared for exertional heat stroke if training has not kept pace with the evidence.

9 July 2026

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Fire & Rescue

Incident Commander Decision-Making for Exertional Heat Stroke on Scene

The officer in charge on scene makes the call that decides whether a heat stroke patient gets immersion cooling in time or not.

9 July 2026

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Fire & Rescue

Junior Firefighter Cadet Programs and Exertional Heat Stroke Risk

Cadet programs put teenagers through many of the same physical drills as career firefighters, and that means the same exertional heat stroke risk applies.

9 July 2026

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Fire & Rescue

Medical Service Validation of Cooling Equipment for Fire Departments

Before a cooling tub reaches an apparatus, a fire department's medical service has to validate it against clinical and operational criteria.

9 July 2026

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Fire & Rescue

Paris Fire Brigade Deploys Multiple Cooling Tubs at Maisons-Alfort Running Event

On May 24, 2026, the Paris Fire Brigade (BSPP) responded to multiple heat strokes at a running event in Maisons-Alfort, deploying several field immersion tubs on site. A real-world confirmation of the Cool First Transport Second protocol.

25 May 2026

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Fire & Rescue

The Phoenix Experiment: How One Fire Department Proved Prehospital Cold Water Immersion Works at Scale

In 2024, Phoenix Fire Department treated over 300 heat stroke patients with prehospital cold water immersion. Despite the hottest summer on record, heat deaths dropped. The peer-reviewed data and lessons for every EMS agency.

24 May 2026

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Fire & Rescue

Wildfire season 2026: protecting your firefighters from heat stroke in the field

Wildfire seasons are getting longer and more intense. Heat stroke is one of the leading preventable causes of firefighter death. Here is what every fire service medical officer needs to know before summer.

20 May 2026

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